2022.6.6,F(xiàn)DA發(fā)布了final版EMC指南“Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of Medical Devices”,這個指南是2020年草案指南的更新版,并取代了2016年“Information to Support a Claim of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of Electrically-Powered Medical Devices”(以下簡稱2016年EMC指南)。
這則final版EMC指南,適用于電力驅(qū)動的,或者含有使用電氣或電子電路實現(xiàn)的功能或傳感器的MD和IVD設(shè)備及其附件。
【過渡期】
IVD設(shè)備及附件: 該指南發(fā)布后1年,即2023.6.6之后需強制執(zhí)行;
其他設(shè)備及附件:該指南發(fā)布后60天,即2022.8.5之后需強制執(zhí)行。
【過渡期內(nèi)的審核】
如果本指南中概述的有關(guān)電磁兼容性的新信息,未包含在本指南發(fā)布前或發(fā)布后1年內(nèi)FDA收到的體外診斷的上市前遞交資料中,或未包含在本指南發(fā)布前或發(fā)布后60天內(nèi)的本指南范圍內(nèi)的其他設(shè)備類型的上市前遞交資料中,F(xiàn)DA通常不打算在審查遞交資料時要求此類信息。但是,如果提交了任何此類信息,F(xiàn)DA會對其進行審查。
【與2016版EMC指南的主要差異】
1、對遞交的EMC信息的要求更明細,尤其是對風(fēng)險管理,EMC測試過程中的信息(如,醫(yī)療器械的配置和功能,在EMC測試過程中做出的產(chǎn)品變更),抗擾度合格/失敗準則,基本性能,以及測試結(jié)果的信息,要求都很具體。
2、要求考慮認可標(biāo)準未覆蓋到的常見電磁發(fā)射器的干擾風(fēng)險,例如,考慮對 RFID reader、電子安全系統(tǒng)(例如金屬探測器、電子物品監(jiān)控)、近場通信(NFC)系統(tǒng)、無線電力傳輸(WPT)、蜂窩5G和獨特的醫(yī)療發(fā)射器,如電烙術(shù)、MRI、電外科裝置和透熱設(shè)備的抗干擾能力。
3、詳細列舉了如下三類使用環(huán)境
Professional Healthcare Facility Environment,
Home Healthcare Environment,
Special Environment
見下表:
Appendix A-Examples of Typical Medical Device Locations within Intended Use Environments24
Professional Healthcare Facility Environmen | Home Healthcare Environment | Special Environment |
Physician offices Outpatient facilities a) Dental offices Clinics Nursing homesb) Hospital facilities including emergency rooms, patient rooms, intensive care, surgery rooms, etc.,(except areas with high-powered medical equipment) Limited care facilities Surgical centers Birthing centers Laboratoriess) | Personal residences Dormitories Independent living retirement homes Restaurants and cafes Shops, stores, markets Cars, buses, trains, boats, ambulances d) Office buildings Schools Churches Libraries Theaters and stadiums Outdoor environments(e.g., streets, sidewalks, parks | Medical treatment areas with high-powered medical equipment o(e.g, high-frequency surgical equipment, short-wave therapy equipment, inside the RFshielded room of an MRI system) Military areas(e.g., submarines, radar installations, weapons control systems) Heavy industrial areas(e.g, power plants, steel and paper mills, foundries, automotive and appliance manufacturing, smelting and mining operations, oil and gas refineries) Aircaft,vironmenls( |
【FDA注冊遞交的EMC信息】
FDA建議將下述列出的11項信息包括在遞交的EMC部分中,并按照本指南中列出的順序標(biāo)記各部分標(biāo)題。
如果測試報告或測試報告摘要或上市前提交的其他部分包括任何如下信息,應(yīng)在遞交資料的EMC部分注明這些文檔中的具體位置。
1. EMC-Related Device Characteristics and Intended Use Environments
2. Assessment of Medical Device Risks
3. Consensus Standards
4. Essential Performance and Immunity Pass/Fail Criteria
5. Medical Device Configuration and Functions Tested
6. Results of EMC Testing
7. Allowances
8. Deviations
9. Modifications
10. Common Electromagnetic (EM) Emitters
11. Labeling
具體要求請見final版EMC指南的章節(jié)IV.EMC Information for Premarket Submissions
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